This function tells the thingy referenced by REF that it is now an object in the CLASSNAME package. If CLASSNAME is an empty string, it is interpreted as referring to the main package. If CLASSNAME is omitted, the current package is used. Because a bless is often the last thing in a constructor, it returns the reference for convenience. Always use the two-argument version if a derived class might inherit the method doing the blessing. See perlobj for more about the blessing (and blessings) of objects.
Consider always blessing objects in CLASSNAMEs that are mixed case. Namespaces with all lowercase names are considered reserved for Perl pragmas. Builtin types have all uppercase names. To prevent confusion, you may wish to avoid such package names as well. It is advised to avoid the class name 0, because much code erroneously uses the result of ref as a truth value.