perldos - Perl under DOS, W31, W95.
These are instructions for building Perl under DOS (or w??), using
DJGPP v2.03 or later. Under w95 long filenames are supported.
Before you start, you should glance through the README file
found in the top-level directory where the Perl distribution
was extracted. Make sure you read and understand the terms under
which this software is being distributed.
This port currently supports MakeMaker (the set of modules that
is used to build extensions to perl). Therefore, you should be
able to build and install most extensions found in the CPAN sites.
Detailed instructions on how to build and install perl extension
modules, including XS-type modules, is included. See 'BUILDING AND
INSTALLING MODULES'.
DJGPP is a port of GNU C/C++ compiler and development tools to 32-bit,
protected-mode environment on Intel 32-bit CPUs running MS-DOS and compatible
operating systems, by DJ Delorie <dj@delorie.com> and friends.
For more details (FAQ), check out the home of DJGPP at:
http://www.delorie.com/djgpp/If you have questions about DJGPP, try posting to the DJGPP newsgroup:
comp.os.msdos.djgpp, or use the email gateway djgpp@delorie.com.
You can find the full DJGPP distribution on any SimTel.Net mirror all over
the world. Like:
ftp://ftp.simtel.net/pub/simtelnet/gnu/djgpp/v2*You need the following files to build perl (or add new modules):
v2/djdev203.zip
v2/bnu2951b.zip
v2gnu/gcc2952b.zip
v2gnu/bsh204b.zip
v2gnu/mak3791b.zip
v2gnu/fil316b.zip
v2gnu/sed302b.zip
v2gnu/txt20b.zip
v2gnu/dif272b.zip
v2gnu/grep24b.zip
v2gnu/shl112b.zip
v2gnu/gawk303b.zip
v2misc/csdpmi4b.zipor possibly any newer version.
Thread support is not tested in this version of the djgpp perl.
Perl under DOS lacks some features of perl under UNIX because of
deficiencies in the UNIX-emulation, most notably:
fork() and pipe()
some features of the UNIX filesystem regarding link count and file dates
in-place operation is a little bit broken with short filenames
sockets
Unpack the source package perl5.6*.tar.gz with djtarx. If you want
to use long file names under w95 and also to get Perl to pass all its
tests, don't forget to use
set LFN=y
set FNCASE=ybefore unpacking the archive.
Create a "symlink" or copy your bash.exe to sh.exe in your ($DJDIR)/bin
directory.
ln -s bash.exe sh.exe[If you have the recommended version of bash for DJGPP, this is already
done for you.]
And make the SHELL environment variable point to this sh.exe:
set SHELL=c:/djgpp/bin/sh.exe (use full path name!)You can do this in djgpp.env too. Add this line BEFORE any section
definition:
+SHELL=%DJDIR%/bin/sh.exeIf you have split.exe and gsplit.exe in your path, then rename
split.exe to djsplit.exe, and gsplit.exe to split.exe.
Copy or link gecho.exe to echo.exe if you don't have echo.exe.
Copy or link gawk.exe to awk.exe if you don't have awk.exe.
[If you have the recommended versions of djdev, shell utilities and
gawk, all these are already done for you, and you will not need to do
anything.]
Chdir to the djgpp subdirectory of perl toplevel and type the following
commands:
set FNCASE=y
configure.batThis will do some preprocessing then run the Configure script for you.
The Configure script is interactive, but in most cases you just need to
press ENTER. The "set" command ensures that DJGPP preserves the letter
case of file names when reading directories. If you already issued this
set command when unpacking the archive, and you are in the same DOS
session as when you unpacked the archive, you don't have to issue the
set command again. This command is necessary *before* you start to
(re)configure or (re)build perl in order to ensure both that perl builds
correctly and that building XS-type modules can succeed. See the DJGPP
info entry for "_preserve_fncase" for more information:
info libc alphabetical _preserve_fncaseIf the script says that your package is incomplete, and asks whether
to continue, just answer with Y (this can only happen if you don't use
long filenames or forget to issue "set FNCASE=y" first).
When Configure asks about the extensions, I suggest IO and Fcntl,
and if you want database handling then SDBM_File or GDBM_File
(you need to install gdbm for this one). If you want to use the
POSIX extension (this is the default), make sure that the stack
size of your cc1.exe is at least 512kbyte (you can check this
with: stubedit cc1.exe).
You can use the Configure script in non-interactive mode too.
When I built my perl.exe, I used something like this:
configure.bat -desYou can find more info about Configure's command line switches in
the INSTALL file.
When the script ends, and you want to change some values in the
generated config.sh file, then run
sh Configure -Safter you made your modifications.
IMPORTANT: if you use this -S switch, be sure to delete the CONFIG
environment variable before running the script:
set CONFIG=Now you can compile Perl. Type:
makeType:
make testIf you're lucky you should see "All tests successful". But there can be
a few failed subtests (less than 5 hopefully) depending on some external
conditions (e.g. some subtests fail under linux/dosemu or plain dos
with short filenames only).
Type:
make installThis will copy the newly compiled perl and libraries into your DJGPP
directory structure. Perl.exe and the utilities go into ($DJDIR)/bin,
and the library goes under ($DJDIR)/lib/perl5. The pod documentation
goes under ($DJDIR)/lib/perl5/pod.
For building and installing non-XS modules, all you need is a working
perl under DJGPP. Non-XS modules do not require re-linking the perl
binary, and so are simpler to build and install.
XS-type modules do require re-linking the perl binary, because part of
an XS module is written in "C", and has to be linked together with the
perl binary to be executed. This is required because perl under DJGPP
is built with the "static link" option, due to the lack of "dynamic
linking" in the DJGPP environment.
Because XS modules require re-linking of the perl binary, you need both
the perl binary distribution and the perl source distribution to build
an XS extension module. In addition, you will have to have built your
perl binary from the source distribution so that all of the components
of the perl binary are available for the required link step.
First, download the module package from CPAN (e.g., the "Comma Separated
Value" text package, Text-CSV-0.01.tar.gz). Then expand the contents of
the package into some location on your disk. Most CPAN modules are
built with an internal directory structure, so it is usually safe to
expand it in the root of your DJGPP installation. Some people prefer to
locate source trees under /usr/src (i.e., ($DJDIR)/usr/src), but you may
put it wherever seems most logical to you, *EXCEPT* under the same
directory as your perl source code. There are special rules that apply
to modules which live in the perl source tree that do not apply to most
of the modules in CPAN.
Unlike other DJGPP packages, which are normal "zip" files, most CPAN
module packages are "gzipped tarballs". Recent versions of WinZip will
safely unpack and expand them, *UNLESS* they have zero-length files. It
is a known WinZip bug (as of v7.0) that it will not extract zero-length
files.
From the command line, you can use the djtar utility provided with DJGPP
to unpack and expand these files. For example:
C:\djgpp>djtarx -v Text-CSV-0.01.tar.gzThis will create the new directory ($DJDIR)/Text-CSV-0.01, filling
it with the source for this module.
To build a non-XS module, you can use the standard module-building
instructions distributed with perl modules.
perl Makefile.PL
make
make test
make installThis is sufficient because non-XS modules install only ".pm" files and
(sometimes) pod and/or man documentation. No re-linking of the perl
binary is needed to build, install or use non-XS modules.
To build an XS module, you must use the standard module-building
instructions distributed with perl modules *PLUS* three extra
instructions specific to the DJGPP "static link" build environment.
set FNCASE=y
perl Makefile.PL
make
make perl
make test
make -f Makefile.aperl inst_perl MAP_TARGET=perl.exe
make installThe first extra instruction sets DJGPP's FNCASE environment variable so
that the new perl binary which you must build for an XS-type module will
build correctly. The second extra instruction re-builds the perl binary
in your module directory before you run "make test", so that you are
testing with the new module code you built with "make". The third extra
instruction installs the perl binary from your module directory into the
standard DJGPP binary directory, ($DJDIR)/bin, replacing your
previous perl binary.
Note that the MAP_TARGET value *must* have the ".exe" extension or you
will not create a "perl.exe" to replace the one in ($DJDIR)/bin.
When you are done, the XS-module install process will have added information
to yout "perllocal" information telling that the perl binary has been replaced,
and what module was installed. you can view this information at any time
by using the command:
perl -S perldoc perllocalLaszlo Molnar, laszlo.molnar@eth.ericsson.se [Installing/building perl]
Peter J. Farley III pjfarley@banet.net [Building/installing modules]
perl(1).